Reform: Latin America in the 1990s

Equity in Latin America Since the 1990s

Pedro Sáinz is a consultant for the Inter-American Development Bank, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Instituto Nacional de Estadisticas (INE) Chile and Instituto Brasileiro de Geografi a e Statistica (IBGE) on public information systems as well as on poverty analysis and policies. He was Director of the Economic Projections Centre and of the Statistical Division of the Economic Com...

Evaluating multigrade school reform in Latin America

This paper describes three multigrade school reforms in Latin America: (1) Colombia’s Escuela Nueva, (2) Guatemala’s Nueva Escuela Unitaria, and (3) Chile’s MECE-Rural. Each reform endowed primary teachers and students with special training and instructional materials, and encouraged new kinds of instruction in rural classrooms, with the goal of improving student learning. The paper discusses t...

Fraternity and Educational Reform in Latin America

The author proposes that in a democratic society, education serves to establish fundamental relationships of fraternity, generating the “social capital” that bonds citizens together. Against this perspective, he examines the cultural values transmitted in the educational systems of six Latin American countries. He finds that following world-wide trends, the curricula have shifted from privilegi...

[Health systems reform and equity in Latin America and the Caribbean: lessons from the 1980s and 1990s].

This essay proposes a review of the issues of equity and reform in Latin America and the Caribbean in the context of changes in recent decades, emphasizing the discussion of health systems reform. The economic, political, and social context prevailing in the critical 1970s extensively favored budget cuts for public expenditures, cost containment, changes in the health sector power structure, an...

Police Reform in Violent Democracies in Latin America